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Se um dos objectivos do Debian é a estabilidade, o seu preço é a utilização de software bastante testado e, portanto, antigo. No entanto, pode surgir necessidade de instalar software mais recente o inexistente à data de saída do debian etch. Para isso existe o repositório backports, que disponibiliza versões mais recentes ou inexistente à data de lançamento do etch.
A localização do repositório deve ser adicionada à lista existente em /etc/apt/sources.list:
# # deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 r0 _Etch_ - Official i386 NETINST Binary-1 20070407-11:29]/ etch contrib main deb http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ etch main contrib #deb-src http://ftp.pt.debian.org/debian/ etch main deb http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib #deb-src http://security.debian.org/ etch/updates main contrib # debian-volatile deb http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile etch/volatile main contrib non-free # debian-backports deb http://www.backports.org/debian etch-backports main contrib non-free
A chave pública do repositório backports também deve ser adicionada à lista de chaves conhecidas pelo apt:
server:~# apt-get install debian-backports-keyring Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: debian-backports-keyring 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 3310B of archives. After unpacking 49.2kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! debian-backports-keyring Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y Get:1 http://www.backports.org etch-backports/main debian-backports-keyring 2007.06.10 [3310B] Fetched 3310B in 0s (15.1kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package debian-backports-keyring. (Reading database ... 30570 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking debian-backports-keyring (from .../debian-backports-keyring_2007.06.10_all.deb) ... Setting up debian-backports-keyring (2007.06.10) ... OK
É possível listar as chaves utilizadas pelo apt:
server:~# apt-key list /etc/apt/trusted.gpg -------------------- pub 1024D/2D230C5F 2006-01-03 [expired: 2007-02-07] uid Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (2006) <ftpmaster@debian.org> pub 1024D/6070D3A1 2006-11-20 [expires: 2009-07-01] uid Debian Archive Automatic Signing Key (4.0/etch) <ftpmaster@debian.org> pub 1024D/ADB11277 2006-09-17 uid Etch Stable Release Key <debian-release@lists.debian.org> pub 1024D/BBE55AB3 2007-03-31 [expires: 2010-03-30] uid Debian-Volatile Archive Automatic Signing Key (4.0/etch) sub 2048g/36CA98F3 2007-03-31 [expires: 2010-03-30] pub 1024D/16BA136C 2005-08-21 uid Backports.org Archive Key <ftp-master@backports.org> sub 2048g/5B82CECE 2005-08-21
O repositório está pronto a ser utilizado, com a sequência habitual apt-get update, seguido de apt-get install <nome_do_pacote>.